This dynamic online book covers methods and industrial grade algorithms for musical synthesizers. It is intended as a developer's reference but may also serve as lecture notes in a graduate course.
Digital Sound Generation - Part 1: Oscillators (pdf)
Digital Sound Generation - Part 2: Filters (pdf)
SynStart is a compact skeleton code in C++ that contains the ingredients to make bare audio algorithms run as stand-alone real-time sound generators under Windows. These are: A polyphonic multitimbral voice manager, ASIO and DirectX audio, MME and DirectX MIDI, and a minimalist MFC-based GUI. The built-in example realizes a MIDI-controlled polyphonic sine wave synthesizer with 18 code lines. License: zlib.
SynStart 1.1 for Windows (zip)